What is a victim impact statement, and when is it used?

• A. A narrative provided by the defense to explain victim impact
• B. A summary of the physical evidence collected
• C. A statement describing the impact of the crime on the victim used in court or proceedings; can influence sentencing or case considerations
• D. A public press release about the case

Answer: (C)

A victim impact statement describes the effects of the crime on the victim and is used in court to inform sentencing and other case decisions. It conveys how the offender’s actions have impacted the victim’s life—physical injuries, emotional and psychological trauma, financial losses, and disruption to daily activities and relationships. This statement is typically prepared by the victim or a victim advocate and presented during the sentencing phase in court (or at related proceedings like restitution or parole hearings) so the judge and other decision-makers understand the real-world harm caused. It can influence the severity or leniency of the sentence, the amount of restitution ordered, and other post-conviction considerations. It is not a defense narrative, not a summary of physical evidence, and not a public press release.